Mu
Mu is a multi-purpose tool shipped with Mailutils. It can be used for various mail- and database-related tasks, as well as an auxiliary tool for compiling and linking programs with Mailutils.
Syntax
Mu is a command line tool. Its invocation syntax is:
mu [options] command [args]
where options are options that affect the behavior of mu as a whole, command instructs it what it is to do and args are any arguments the command needs in order to be executed.
The commands are:
- 2047
- Decodes or encodes email message headers.
- acl
- Tests Mailutils access control lists;
- cflags
- Shows compiler options needed to compile with Mailutils.
- dbm
- Invokes a DBM management tool.
- filter
- Applies a chain of filters to the input.
- help
- Displays a terse help summary.
- imap
- Invokes an IMAP4 client shell (in development).
- info
- Displays information about Mailutils compile-time configuration.
- ldflags
- Constructs a ld(1) command line for linking a program with Mailutils.
- logger
- Logs information using Mailutils log facility.
- pop
- Invokes a POP3 client shell.
- query
- Queries configuration values.
- wicket
Scans wickets for matching URLs
help
The mu help command lists all available options and command names along with short descriptions of what each of them does. It is similar to the mu --help option.
A command name can be supplied as an argument to help, in which case it will display a help page for that particular command, e.g.:
mu help ldflags
will output help for the ldflags command. It is synonymous to the --help option used with that particular command, e.g.: mu ldflags --help.
info
The mu info command displays information about Mailutils compile-time configuration. In normal form its output lists a single configuration flag per line, e.g.:
$ mu info VERSION=2.99.93 SYSCONFDIR=/etc MAILSPOOLDIR=/var/mail/ SCHEME=mbox LOG_FACILITY=mail IPV6 USE_LIBPAM HAVE_LIBLTDL WITH_GDBM WITH_GNUTLS WITH_GSASL ...
A configuration flag can consist either of a single word, indicating that a particular capability has been enabled at compile time, or of a keyword/value pair delimited by an equal sign, which indicates a particular value used by default for that feature. For example, IPV6 means that Mailutils was compiled with support for IPv6, whereas SYSCONFDIR=/etc means that the default place for configuration files is in /etc directory.
Such short output is convenient for using mu info in scripts to decide whether it is possible to use a given feature. To assist human users, the --verbose (-v) option is provided. It prints a short description next to each flag:
$ mu info --verbose VERSION=2.99.93 - Version of this package SYSCONFDIR=/etc - System configuration directory MAILSPOOLDIR=/var/mail/ - Default mail spool directory SCHEME=mbox - Default mailbox type LOG_FACILITY=mail - Default syslog facility IPV6 - IPv6 support USE_LIBPAM - PAM support HAVE_LIBLTDL - a portable `dlopen' wrapper library WITH_GDBM - GNU DBM WITH_GNUTLS - TLS support using GNU TLS WITH_GSASL - SASL support using GNU SASL ...
cflags
The mu cflags command shows compiler options needed to compile a C source with Mailutils. It is intended for use in configuration scripts and Makefiles, e.g.:
CFLAGS=-g -O2 `mu cflags`
ldflags
The mu ldflag command is a counterpart of cflags used for linking. It constructs a ld(1) command line for linking a program with Mailutils.
When used without arguments, it outputs ld arguments which would link only with the core Mailutils library libmailutils:
$ mu ldflags -L/usr/local/lib -lmailutils
This command accepts a number of keywords which allow to select a particular subset of Mailutils libraries to link with. In particular, the argument all instructs it to link in all available libraries:
$ mu ldflags all -L/usr/local/lib -lmu_mbox -lmu_mh -lmu_maildir -lmu_imap -lmu_pop \ -lmu_mailer -lmu_compat -lmailutils -lmu_auth -lgsasl -lgnutls -lgcrypt \ -lldap -lgnuradius -lpam -ldl
Other available keywords are:
- mbox
- Link in the UNIX mbox format support.
- mh
- Link in the MH format support.
- maildir
- Link in the Maildir format support.
- imap
- Link in the IMAP protocol support.
- pop
- Link in the POP protocol support.
- nntp
- Link in the NNTP protocol support.
- mailer
- Enable support for mailers.
- sieve
- Link in the support for Sieve mail filtering language.
- dbm
- Link in the support for DBM databases (libmu_dbm library).
- compat
- Provide a compatibility layer for Mailutils 2.x.
- auth
- Link in the Mailutils authentication library.
- guile
- Provide Guile language bindings.
- python
- Provide Python language bindings.
- cfg
- Link in the Mailutils configuration library.
- argp
- Link in the library for command line parsing.
query
The mu query command queries values from Mailutils configuration files. It takes one or more configuration paths as its arguments. On output, it displays the values it found, each value on a separate line. If the requested value is a block statement it is displayed in full. For example, if main configuration file contained:
logging {
syslog yes;
facility mail;
};
Then:
$ mu query .logging.syslog
syslog yes;
$ mu query .logging.syslog .logging.facility
syslog yes;
facility mail;
$ mu query .logging
logging {
syslog yes;
facility mail;
};
Several command line options allow to modify output format. The --value option instructs the command to output only values:
$ mu query --value .logging.syslog yes
The --path option instructs it to print full path names for each value:
$ mu query --path .logging.syslog logging.syslog: yes
The --program option instructs mu to behave as if it was called under another program name. For example, the following command:
$ mu query --program=pop3d .server.transcript
will return the value of the server.transcript statement for pop3d utility.
By default, mu query operates on the main configuration file. Another configuration file can be supplied using the --file (-f) option:
$ mu query --file /usr/local/etc/file.conf .pidfile
2047
The mu 2047 command is a filter for decoding or encoding email message headers formatted in accordance with RFC 2047. By default, it operates in encode mode and assumes the iso-8859-1 encoding. If arguments are supplied in the command line, they are treated as the text to operate upon. Otherwise the command acts as a UNIX filter, reading lines from the standard input and printing results on the standard output:
For examle:
$ mu 2047 'Keld Jørn Simonsen <keld@dkuug.dk>' =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Keld_J=F8rn_Simonsen?= <keld@dkuug.dk>
The decode mode can be requested via the --decode (-d) option:
$ mu 2047 --decode '=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Keld_J=F8rn_Simonsen?= <keld@dkuug.dk>' Keld Jørn Simonsen <keld@dkuug.dk>
The --charset (-c) option changes the default character set, e.g.:
$ mu 2047 --charset=utf-8 'Keld Jørn Simonsen <keld@dkuug.dk>' =?utf-8?Q?Keld J=C3=B8rn Simonsen <keld@dkuug.dk>?=
This option is meaningful both in decode and in encode modes. In decode mode it instructs the utility to convert the output to the given character set. In encode mode it indicates the encoding of the input data, which will be reflected in the resulting string:
$ quoted-printable
The --encoding (-E) option can be used in encode mode to change the output encoding. Valid arguments for this option are: quoted-printable (the default) or base64.
The --newline (-n) option prints an additional newline character after each line of output.
filter
Applies a chain of filters to the input.
acl
Tests Mailutils access control lists;
wicket
Scans wickets for matching URLs
dbm
Invokes a DBM management tool.
logger
Logs information using Mailutils log facility.
pop
Invokes a POP3 client shell.
imap
Invokes an IMAP4 client shell (in development).
